There are several types of encryption techniques used to secure data, each with its own use case and strengths:
1. Symmetric Encryption
Uses a single key for both encryption and decryption.
- Examples: AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), DES (Data Encryption Standard), 3DES (Triple DES), Blowfish, Twofish
2. Asymmetric Encryption
Uses a pair of public and private keys for encryption and decryption.
- Examples: RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman), ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography), Diffie-Hellman, ElGamal
3. Hashing
Transforms data into a fixed-length hash that cannot be reversed.
- Examples: SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm), MD5 (Message Digest Algorithm), bcrypt, Argon2
4. End-to-End Encryption (E2EE)
Ensures data remains encrypted throughout transmission and can only be decrypted by the intended recipient.
- Examples: Signal Protocol, PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), TLS (Transport Layer Security)
5. Homomorphic Encryption
Allows computation on encrypted data without decrypting it first.
- Examples: Paillier Cryptosystem, BGV (Brakerski-Gentry-Vaikuntanathan), CKKS (Cheon-Kim-Kim-Song)
6. Quantum Encryption
Leverages quantum mechanics for ultra-secure encryption.
- Examples: Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), BB84 Protocol
Each encryption type serves a specific purpose, from securing online communication to protecting stored data.
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